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This section presents details of the properties that apply to the embedded objects in Embedded IDE Link CC. The reference information contained can help you learn about using the links and objects.
Ordered alphabetically by property name, references include
Property name heading
Description
Property characteristics, including
Data type
Default value
Read/Write status
Range of valid property values
One or more examples using the property
Referrals to related properties where appropriate
Some reference pages do not include all the features listed; in particular, some pages may not provide examples or the range of valid property values or referrals.
Description. Reports the starting address of the symbol the object references — either a memory address or a register name. In some cases the address is in [Offset Page] format when the processor supports memory pages and the address is a location in memory.
Characteristics. Either a numeric value (for memory locations) or alphanumeric value (for register locations), this is a writable value.
If you change the offset and page values for the property, the object points to a different location in memory. Changing the address property does not affect the location of the symbol.
Range. Covers the entire range of addresses available on the processor.
Description. Contains a string that defines the version of the CCS application program interface (API) being used by the link object.
Characteristics. A string value. The first entry in the square brackets is the major version number and the second entry is the minor revision number. You cannot set this value — it is read only.
Range. Any ASCII characters that make up the name and version number of the API.
Examples. Create a link object and use get to review the object properties. For this object, the API version returns 1.2 and apiversion is [1 2]. The API version may not be the same as the version of CCS:
cc=ticcs
TICCS Object:
API version : 1.2
Processor type : TMS320C6711
Processor name : CPU_1
Running? : No
Board number : 0
Processor number : 0
Default timeout : 10.00 secs
RTDX channels : 0
get(cc.apiversion)
apiversion: [1 2]
Description. Specifies the manner in which the object interprets data stored linearly in memory, whether as rows or columns of an array.
Characteristics. A string with one of two possible values — row-major (C style interpretation) or col-major (normal MATLAB ordering).
Range. Allowed strings are row-major and column-major.
Examples. When you have nine values in memory, such as 1, 2,..., 9, the arrayorder property value determines how to build an array from the values:
In row-major order, the values form the 3-by-3 array by filling the array row by row and left to right:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
In column-major order, the values form the 3-by-3 array by filling the array column by column and top to bottom:
1 4 7 2 5 8 3 6 9
You can increase the number of array dimensions without limit.
Description. Specifies the location of the binary point in a value. To interpret the actual value of a value in memory, you need both the data type and binary point to convert correctly from the binary or hexadecimal representation to decimal. A fixed-point data type is characterized by the word size in bits, the binary point, and whether it is signed or unsigned. The position of the binary point is the means by which fixed-point values are scaled and interpreted. Because the object uses double-precision representation, the word size and binary point form the basis for simulating fixed-point values.
Characteristics. A positive or negative integer.
Range. binarypt ranges from 0 to the word size. You can use negative binary point locations and binary point locations larger than the word size, to the limit of double-precision representation.
Description. Reports the smallest number of bits per address location (addressable unit) on the processor. Memory locations and registers may have different values on a processor. Different processors can use different values as well.
Range. Depends on the processor. Usually 8, 16, or 32 bits.
Referrals. See also numberofstorageunits and storageunitspervalue.
Description. Specifies the board or simulator with which the link object communicates.
Characteristics. An integer. This is a read-only value determined when you create link objects and select your processor.
Range. Integer values ranging from 0 for the first board up to the number of boards that CCS recognizes configured on your machine. Note that both simulators and hardware count as boards.
Description. Reports the full directory path to the CCS executable.
Characteristics. A string that shows the path to your CCS installation. You cannot change this string except by moving your CCS storage location.
Examples. If your CCS installation is in a folder called Applications on your D: drive, you might see a string such as
'D:\Applications\ti\cc\bin\'
for the ccsappexe property value when you use the command
cc.ccsappexe
at the MATLAB prompt.
Description. Specify the character set that read and write use to interpret data in memory or when transferring data to processor memory. When you set the charconversion property, you are telling read or write to interpret the data, either in MATLAB or on the processor, as though they represent values in the specified character set.
For read, charconversion tells MATLAB to return the values from memory as characters from the specified data set. For write, charconversion tells MATLAB to write the data to processor memory as the numeric equivalents of the specified character set. Recall that all data in memory is numeric. charconversion defines how the numeric values in memory become characters in MATLAB. And how characters in MATLAB become numeric values on the processor.
Characteristics. This is a string and should be entered as a string in single quotation marks.
Range. The only valid entry for charconversion is ascii.
Description. Specifies whether to interpret the bit pattern in memory in little-endian or big-endian format. Big-endian format assumes the least significant bit (LSB) is last in a word that spans more than one addressable unit in memory; little-endian assumes the LSB is first in a word that spans multiple addressable units.
Characteristics. Property values are strings, either little or big. You can change the state within the object, which changes the way MATLAB interprets the bits stored in memory on your processor.
Range. You have two options for endianness — little or big.
Examples. When you have a variable in memory, such as ddat from the link object tutorial, creating a numeric object to access ddat shows you whether ddat is big endian or little endian:
ddat = createobj(cc,'ddat') NUMERIC Object Symbol Name : ddat Address : [ 40072 0] Wordsize : 64 bits Address Units per value : 8 AU Representation : float Binary point position : 0 Size : [ 4 ] Total address units : 32 AU Array ordering : row-major Endianness : little
get(ddat)
address: [40072 0]
bitsperstorageunit: 8
numberofstorageunits: 32
link: [1x1 ticcs]
timeout: 10
name: 'ddat'
wordsize: 64
storageunitspervalue: 8
size: 4
endianness: 'little'
arrayorder: 'row-major'
prepad: 0
postpad: 0
represent: 'float'
binarypt: 0
Description. Specifies the name of the file in the project that contains the function declaration. When you create an object that accesses a function, MATLAB returns the name of the file in filename. When the processor function is a library function, filename is empty.
Characteristics. A string that contains the full path name to a file.
Range. Any valid filename and directory path.
Description. Defines and contains the names of input arguments to a function in your project. For library functions, inputnames is empty until you use declare or getinput to define the input arguments for the function.
Characteristics. A character string in the form of an mxArray.
Range. Any valid C variable name string.
Description. The objects that represent each input argument to a function when you create a function object to access a specific function. When you create a new function object, MATLAB creates appropriate objects to access each input argument to the function.
Characteristics. An object that represents the input argument type, such as numeric or pointer. These are handles to objects.
Range. Any valid object in Embedded IDE Link CC.
Description. Contains the names of the fields in an enumerated object or memory location.
Characteristics. ASCII characters of any type. Contains as many strings as there are enumerated entries, entered as a cell array of strings.
Examples. Using the cfield object created in the link tutorial (run ccstutorial at the MATLAB prompt), you see the following when you display the object:
cfield
ENUM Object
Symbol Name : iz
Address : [ 40056 0]
Wordsize : 32 bits
Address Units per value : 4 AU
Representation : signed
Binary point position : 0
Size : [ 1 ]
Total address units : 4 AU
Array ordering : row-major
Endianness : little
Labels & values : MATLAB=0, Simulink=1, SignalToolbox=2,
MATLABLink=3, EmbeddedprocessorC6x=4
The labels are MATLAB, Simulink, SignalToolbox, MATLABLink, and EmbeddedprocessorC6x. In this case, label is {1x5 cell}.
Referrals. See also property value.
Description. Specifies the link object you used when you created the embedded object.
Characteristics. A 1-by-1 array containing the name of the link object associated with the symbol table that holds the symbol.
Examples. In the tutorial, you created a numeric object named uicvar, using cast with the numeric object cvar. To create cvar, you used link object cc to determine the symbol table and project or processor. When you view the properties of uicvar, you see the property link listing the link object as ticcs:
get(uicvar)
address: [40060 0]
bitsperstorageunit: 8
numberofstorageunits: 4
link: [1x1 ticcs]
timeout: 10
name: 'idat'
wordsize: 16
storageunitspervalue: 2
size: 2
endianness: 'little'
arrayorder: 'row-major'
prepad: 0
postpad: 0
represent: 'unsigned'
binarypt: 0
Delving more deeply into the property link reveals the properties of the link object:
uicvar.link TICCS Object: API version : 1.2 Processor type : TMS320C6711 Processor name : CPU_1 Running? : No Board number : 0 Processor number : 0 Default timeout : 10.00 secs RTDX channels : 0
Referrals. See also createobj.
Description. This identifies a MATLAB structure that holds the entry for each C member in the structure accessed by the object.
Characteristics. A MATLAB array containing
Array type
Array dimensions
Data associated with this array
If numeric, whether the variable is real or complex
If a structure or object, the number of fields and field names
Examples. If you have a structure in DSP memory declared like the following structure
struct TAG_myStruct {
int iy[2][3];
myEnum iz;
} myStruct = { {{1,2,3},{4,-5,6}}, MatlabLink};
the member property of an object that accesses myStruct, might look like
get(cvar)
name: 'myStruct'
member: [1x1 ccs.containerobj]
membname: {'iy' 'iz'}
memboffset: [0 24]
address: [40032 0]
storageunitspervalue: 28
size: 1
numberofstorageunits: 28
arrayorder: 'row-major'
where member is a 1-by-1 MATLAB array with a handle to the object that contains it named ccs.containerobj.
Description. Contains the names of the fields in a structure or union accessed by a structure object.
Characteristics. membname is one or more strings providing the names of the structure fields, formatted as a cell array.
Range. Strings in membname contain any valid ASCII characters that might be found in a C structure field.
Examples. In CCS, if you had the following structure in your project code
struct tag {
int _a;
int B;
int b;
} var;
you could create a structure object, var, that accesses the structure. Using get with var lets you review the names of the fields in the structure by looking at the membname property for var:
var = createobj(cc,'var') get(var,'membname') 'a' 'B' 'b'
Description. While this is not directly useful to you, the values in the vector specify how far, in memory in addressable units, each field in a structure is from the starting address for the structure.
Characteristics. Any numeric or alphanumeric value that represents a valid address or register location on the processor. The vector contains one element for each field in the structure, representing the offset to that field in memory.
Range. A vector containing M element, where M is the number of fields in the structure. The second element in the vector is the offset to the second field in the structure, the third element in the vector is the offset to the third field, and so on until the final element is the offset to the final field. The first element in the memoffset vector is always 0, because this represents the offset to the first element in the structure, which is where the structure begins.
Examples. When you are working with structure objects, the property memoffset tells you how far one structure field is from another in memory:
cvar = createobj(cc,'myStruct')
STRUCTURE Object:
Symbol Name : myStruct
Address : [ 40032 0]
Address Units per value : 28 AU
Size : [ 1 ]
Total Address Units : 28 AU
Array ordering : row-major
Members : 'iy', 'iz'
read(cvar)
ans =
iy: [2x3 double]
iz: 'MatlabLink'
get(cvar)
name: 'myStruct'
member: [1x1 ccs.containerobj]
membname: {'iy' 'iz'}
memboffset: [0 24]
address: [40032 0]
storageunitspervalue: 28
size: 1
numberofstorageunits: 28
arrayorder: 'row-major'
From the property memoffset, you see that member iz of myStruct is 24 addresses from member iy, and from the start of the structure.
Description. Provides the name of the symbol or embedded object (mostly they are the same thing) to which the object refers. Contains the name of the function when the embedded object is a function.
Characteristics. ASCII character string that composes a valid C variable name.
Range. Any valid C variable name that occurs in your project.
Description. Reports the number of smallest addressable units necessary to represent the symbol to which the object refers.
Characteristics. Reported in addressable units. Property bitsperstorageunit tells you how many bits are in each addressable unit — the smallest value supported by the processor. Combined with property numberofstorageunits, you can determine the storage used by the symbol.
Range. Any number of addressable units up to the limit of memory on the processor.
Description. Reports the number of RTDX communications channels configured for the RTDX link. Includes both read and write channels and does not depend on whether the channels are enabled.
Examples. As you did if you followed the RTDX tutorial in Getting Started with RTDX, create a ticcs object, and then open two RTDX channels for the object:
cc=ticcs('boardnum',boardNum,'procnum',procNum)
TICCS Object:
API version : 1.2
Processor type : TMS320C6711
Processor name : CPU_1
Running? : No
Board number : 0
Processor number : 0
Default timeout : 10.00 secs
RTDX channels : 0
cc.rtdx.configure(1024,4);
cc.rtdx.open('ichan','w');
cc.rtdx.open('ochan','r');
cc.rtdx.enable;
get(cc,'rtdx')
RTDX Object:
Default timeout : 15.00 secs
Open channels : 2
Ch Name Mode
-- ---- ----
1 ichan write
2 ochan read
Where the listing for the RTDX object shows two open channels, this is the numChannels property value.
Description. Specifies the starting position of the bitfield relative to bit 0 of the address. For A value of zero indicates that the bitfield begins at bit 0.
Characteristics. offset is an integer specifying a number of bits. The default value is zero.
Description. An object created by Embedded IDE Link CC that represents the output argument from a function.
Characteristics. A handle to an object.
Range. A handle to any valid object in Embedded IDE Link CC.
Description. When you get the properties of an object, the address comes back in the format [address page]. In the address field for your object, page specifies which memory page contains the symbol address. For processors that do not use pages in memory, such as the C6701, the page value is always 0.
Characteristics. An integer that specifies the memory page for an address in memory.
Range. From 0 to the maximum number of memory pages supported by the processor.
Examples. Given a symbol in memory named ddat, after you create an object to access ddat, you can get the properties for the object and see the address format:
ddat=createobj(cc,'ddat') NUMERIC Object Symbol Name : ddat Address : [ 40072 0] Wordsize : 64 bits Address Units per value : 8 AU Representation : float Binary point position : 0 Size : [ 4 ] Total address units : 32 AU Array ordering : row-major Endianness : little
Notice that the memory page value is 0 — the second value in the address field [40072 0] in the example. Because this example processors a C6701 digital signal processor, the page property value is always zero — the C6701 processor does not support memory pages.
Description. Reports the number of bits of padding required at the end of the memory buffer to fill the buffer. Determining the final numeric value stored in memory ignores the added bits.
Characteristics. Double-precision value that specifies the number of added bits.
Description. Reports the number of bits of padding required at the beginning of the memory buffer to fill the buffer. Determining the final numeric value stored in memory ignores the added bits.
Characteristics. Double-precision value that specifies the number of added bits.
Description. The number assigned by CCS to the processor on the board or simulator. When the board contains more than one processor, CCS assigns a number to each processor, numbering from 0 for the first processor on the first board. For example, when you have two recognized boards, and the second has two processors, the first processor on the first board is procnum=0, and the first and second processors on the second board are procnum=1 and procnum=2. This is also a property used when you create a new link to CCS IDE.
Range. From 0 for one processor to N-1, where N is the number of processors that CCS recognizes as installed and configured on your machine.
Description. Contains the name of the register as used by the processor. Note that this is not the same as a CPU register on the processor.
Characteristics. regname is a MATLAB array with no initial value nor a default value.
Range. Any valid register used by your processor.
Description. Contains a string that specifies the data type for the accessed symbol. Memory locations consist of bits and bytes. The property value for represent specifies to MATLAB how to interpret the data stored in memory on the processor.
You can change property represent to change the access format. For example, if an object has property represent = float and you change it to represent = signed
set(obj,'represent','signed')
the data will be read as a signed integer. In addition, the data will be written as a signed integer.
Note Change the represent property of an object to float only if the word size for the object is at least 32 bits. |
For example, if the specified object is a 16-bit integer whose property represent = signed, represent cannot be changed to float. For the data to be accessed as a floating point number, it should be at least 32 bits in length.
Characteristics. A string that defines the data type for the variable — one of the following strings applies:
float — IEEE floating point representation, either 32 or 64 bits
fract — fractional fixed-point data
signed — two's complement signed integers
ufract — unsigned fractional fixed-point data
unsigned — unsigned two's complement integer data
Range. While MATLAB recognizes many different data types, C and the TI processors are somewhat different. The tables provided here show the valid data types (from property datatype) and the strings that appear for them as the represent property value.
| datatype Property String | represent Property Value |
|---|---|
'double' | 'float' |
'single' | 'float' |
'int32' | 'signed' |
'int16' | 'signed' |
'int8' | 'signed' |
'uint32' | 'unsigned' |
'uint16' | 'binary' |
'uint8' | 'binary' |
'long double' | 'float' |
'float' | 'float' |
'long' | 'signed' |
'int' | 'signed' |
'char' | 'signed' |
'unsigned long' | 'signed' |
'unsigned int' | 'unsigned' |
'unsigned char' | 'binary' |
'Q0.15' | 'fract' |
'Q0.31' | 'fract' |
Various TI processors restrict the sizes of the data types used by objects in Embedded IDE Link CC. Shown in the next table, the processor families restrict the valid word sizes for the listed data types.
| represent Property Value | C54 Processor Word Size Limits | C6x Processor Word Size Limits |
|---|---|---|
'float' | 32, 64 bits | 32,64 bits |
'signed' | 16, 32 bits | 8, 16, 32, 40, 64 bits |
'unsigned' | 16, 32 bits | 8, 16, 32, 40, 64 bits |
'binary' | 16, 32 bits | 8, 16, 32, 40,64 bits |
'fract' | 16, 32 bits | 8, 16, 32, 40, 64 bits |
Using the properties of the objects, you change the word size by changing the value of the storageunitspervalue property of the object. Note that you cannot change the bitsperstorageunit property value which depends on the processor and whether the object represents a memory location or a register.
Referrals. See also cast, convert.
Description. Specifies whether the link object has RTDX channels included in the link. When the link has open RTDX channels, this property contains a structure of cell arrays that detail the information about the channels — the number of channels and the names of the channels.
Characteristics. Empty or an array of cell arrays containing strings and values.
Examples. When you create a link, the default state is not to have RTDX channels and the property rtdx is empty, as you see here:
cc=ticcs('boardnum',boardNum,'procnum',procNum)
TICCS Object:
API version : 1.2
Processor type : TMS320C6711
Processor name : CPU_1
Running? : No
Board number : 0
Processor number : 0
Default timeout : 10.00 secs
RTDX channels : 0
Now, configure and open two RTDX channels to the processor:
cc.rtdx.configure(1024,4);
cc.rtdx.open('ichan','w');
cc.rtdx.open('ochan','r');
After creating the channels, displaying the link shows that the rtdx property is no longer empty. It contains the names and number of channels available, and the channel mode, either read or write:
get(cc,'rtdx')
RTDX Object:
Default timeout : 15.00 secs
Open channels : 2
Ch Name Mode
-- ---- ----
1 ichan write
2 ochan read
Referrals. See also ticcs, enable, open.
Description. Provides the names of open RTDX channels for the link.
Characteristics. Alphanumeric strings using ASCII characters that define the channel names.
Range. From 0 to the number of defined and open channels in your project.
Description. Defines the number of dimensions for the numeric array that is accessed by the numeric object. The size property provides the same information that function size provides in MATLAB.
Characteristics. size is a vector having as many elements as the number of dimensions in the symbol represented by the object. Each element in the vector reports the number of entries in that dimension.
Range. size can be a scalar greater than or equal to one, or a vector of integers, each greater than or equal to one.
Examples. When you have a variable declaration in your code like
int x[3] [2] = {(1,2),(3,4),(5,6)};
the size property tells you about x if you create an object that accesses x.
x = createobj(cc,'x');
get(x,'size')
ans =
[3 2]
so x represents a 3-by-2 array having six elements.
Description. Contains the list of registers whose contents are saved during function processing. The list of registers is different for each processor, and you can change the registers on the savedregisters list using addregister and deleteregister. Note that you cannot delete the default registers for a processor. You can delete only registers that you add.
Characteristics. An mxArray that contains the names of all registers on the processor that are preserved during processing.
Examples. For the C54x family of signal processors, the default saved registers are
AR1, AR6, AR7, and SP. Register SP is not required to be saved by the processor but Embedded IDE Link CC requires that the contents of SP be saved.
Description. Describes how many storage units — addressable (AU) and register (RU) — make up the accessed symbol.
Characteristics. Given in addressable units (AU or RU), storageunitspervalue is an integer.
Range. storageunitspervalue is an integer equal to or greater than one, up to the limit of your processor. This can have a value less than one in the case of packing of the bits in the symbol.
Examples. From the Function Call tutorial (Tutorial — Using function Objects and Function Calls), the object cfield returns the following properties when you create an object to access the myStruct member iz:
cfield = getmember(cvar,'iz') % Extract object from structure
ENUM Object
Symbol Name : iz
Address : [ 40056 0]
Wordsize : 32 bits
Address Units per value : 4 AU
Representation : signed
Binary point position : 0
Size : [ 1 ]
Total address units : 4 AU
Array ordering : row-major
Endianness : little
Labels & values : MATLAB=0, Simulink=1, SignalToolbox=2,
MatlabLink=3, EmbeddedprocessorC6x=4
get(cfield)
address: [40056 0]
bitsperstorageunit: 8
numberofstorageunits: 4
link: [1x1 ticcs]
timeout: 10
name: 'iz'
wordsize: 32
storageunitspervalue: 4
size: 1
endianness: 'little'
arrayorder: 'row-major'
prepad: 0
postpad: 0
represent: 'signed'
binarypt: 0
label: {1x5 cell}
value: [0 1 2 3 4]
Requiring 4 addressable units (storage units) with 8 bits per storage unit (property bitsperstorageunit = 8) and a size of 1, cfield requires 32 bits of storage space in memory.
Description. Specifies how long Embedded IDE Link CC waits for an operation to complete, or at least to return a status of complete. In some cases, operations continue after the timeout expires, because the time period depends on the status of the operation, not the actual completion.
Characteristics. A value in seconds.
Range. A value greater than zero. 10 s is the default value. The timeout period for build is 1000 s.
Examples. In this example, the timeout period is 10 seconds for the new object:
cc=ticcs('boardnum',boardNum,'procnum',procNum)
TICCS Object:
API version : 1.2
Processor type : TMS320C6711
Processor name : CPU_1
Running? : No
Board number : 0
Processor number : 0
Default timeout : 10.00 secs
RTDX channels : 0
Description. Specifies the return type for a function in your project.
Characteristics. A string the contains a valid return type, such as a data type or void.
Description. Lists the type entries in a type object. When you construct a ticcs object cc, it contains a type object cc.type with default entries void, float, double, long, int, short, and char. After you add your typedefs to the type object, typelist contains a listing of the types in the object.
Characteristics. An cell array of alphanumeric strings. The default entries in typelist are void, float, double, long, int, short, and char
Description. Lists the type names in a type object. When you construct a ticcs object cc, it contains a default type object cc.type. After you add your typedefs to the type object, typelist contains a list of the names of the types in the object.
Characteristics. An mxArray of alphanumeric strings.
Examples. Add a type definition to a cc object. You add your typedef to the type object that is part of the ticcs object:
cc=ticcs;
add(cc.type,'mytypedef','uint32')
ans =
type: 'uint32'
size: 1
uclass: 'numeric'
cc.type
Defined types : Void, Float, Double, Long, Int, Short, Char,
mytypedef
Description. Describes the data type of the referent for the pointer object accesses. typestring returns the data type for the referent as well as an asterisk to indicate that the symbol is a pointer.
Examples. For a pointer object that points to a floating-point symbol, the property value for typestring is float *. For a pointer to an integer, the value is int *.
Description. Reports the values associated with labels in an enumerated object.
Characteristics. Numbers, one or more, configured as a vector depending on the number of entries.
Examples. Using the enumerated data type variable myEnum from the link tutorial, create an object that accesses the labels and values for the enumerated data variable iz:
cvar = createobj(cc,'myStruct')
STRUCTURE Object:
Symbol Name : myStruct
Address : [ 40032 0]
Address Units per value : 28 AU
Size : [ 1 ]
Total Address Units : 28 AU
Array ordering : row-major
Members : 'iy', 'iz'
cfield = getmember(cvar,'iz')
ENUM Object
Symbol Name : iz
Address : [ 40056 0]
Wordsize : 32 bits
Address Units per value : 4 AU
Representation : signed
Binary point position : 0
Size : [ 1 ]
Total address units : 4 AU
Array ordering : row-major
Endianness : little
Labels & values : MATLAB=0, Simulink=1, SignalToolbox=2,
MatlabLink=3, EmbeddedprocessorC6x=4
The values for iz are 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4. In the value property, the values show up as [0 1 2 3 4], a vector whose elements are the values.
Description. Specifies the word size for the processor, and the referenced symbol.
Characteristics. Depends on the processor architecture. Because this is fixed on the processor, it is read only, set when you create an embedded object.
Range. For most processors, the word size can be from 8 to 64 bits, usually 8, 16, or 32.
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