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# Custom Variable Mass 6DOF Wind (Wind Angles)

Implement wind angle representation of six-degrees-of-freedom equations of motion of custom variable mass

## Library

Equations of Motion/6DOF

## Description

For a description of the coordinate system employed and the translational dynamics, see the block description for the Custom Variable Mass 6DOF Wind (Quaternion) block.

The relationship between the wind angles, [μ γ χ]T, can be determined by resolving the wind rates into the wind-fixed coordinate frame.

$\left[\begin{array}{l}{p}_{w}\\ {q}_{w}\\ {r}_{w}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{l}\stackrel{˙}{\mu }\\ 0\\ 0\end{array}\right]+\left[\begin{array}{lll}1\hfill & 0\hfill & 0\hfill \\ 0\hfill & \mathrm{cos}\mu \hfill & \mathrm{sin}\mu \hfill \\ 0\hfill & -\mathrm{sin}\mu \hfill & \mathrm{cos}\mu \hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{l}0\\ \stackrel{˙}{\gamma }\\ 0\end{array}\right]+\left[\begin{array}{lll}1\hfill & 0\hfill & 0\hfill \\ 0\hfill & \mathrm{cos}\mu \hfill & \mathrm{sin}\mu \hfill \\ 0\hfill & -\mathrm{sin}\mu \hfill & \mathrm{cos}\mu \hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{lll}\mathrm{cos}\gamma \hfill & 0\hfill & -\mathrm{sin}\gamma \hfill \\ 0\hfill & 1\hfill & 0\hfill \\ \mathrm{sin}\gamma \hfill & 0\hfill & \mathrm{cos}\gamma \hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{l}0\\ 0\\ \stackrel{˙}{\chi }\end{array}\right]\equiv {J}^{-1}\left[\begin{array}{l}\stackrel{˙}{\mu }\\ \stackrel{˙}{\gamma }\\ \stackrel{˙}{\chi }\end{array}\right]$

Inverting J then gives the required relationship to determine the wind rate vector.

$\left[\begin{array}{l}\stackrel{˙}{\mu }\\ \stackrel{˙}{\gamma }\\ \stackrel{˙}{\chi }\end{array}\right]=J\left[\begin{array}{l}{p}_{w}\\ {q}_{w}\\ {r}_{w}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1\hfill & \left(\mathrm{sin}\mu \mathrm{tan}\gamma \right)\hfill & \left(\mathrm{cos}\mu \mathrm{tan}\gamma \right)\hfill \\ 0\hfill & \mathrm{cos}\mu \hfill & -\mathrm{sin}\mu \hfill \\ 0\hfill & \frac{\mathrm{sin}\mu }{\mathrm{cos}\gamma }\hfill & \frac{\mathrm{cos}\mu }{\mathrm{cos}\gamma }\hfill \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{l}{p}_{w}\\ {q}_{w}\\ {r}_{w}\end{array}\right]$

The body-fixed angular rates are related to the wind-fixed angular rate by the following equation.

$\left[\begin{array}{l}{p}_{w}\\ {q}_{w}\\ {r}_{w}\end{array}\right]=DM{C}_{wb}\left[\begin{array}{c}{p}_{b}-\stackrel{˙}{\beta }\mathrm{sin}\alpha \\ {q}_{b}-\stackrel{˙}{\alpha }\\ {r}_{b}+\stackrel{˙}{\beta }\mathrm{cos}\alpha \end{array}\right]$

Using this relationship in the wind rate vector equations, gives the relationship between the wind rate vector and the body-fixed angular rates.

$\left[\begin{array}{l}\stackrel{˙}{\mu }\\ \stackrel{˙}{\gamma }\\ \stackrel{˙}{\chi }\end{array}\right]=J\left[\begin{array}{l}{p}_{w}\\ {q}_{w}\\ {r}_{w}\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1\hfill & \left(\mathrm{sin}\mu \mathrm{tan}\gamma \right)\hfill & \left(\mathrm{cos}\mu \mathrm{tan}\gamma \right)\hfill \\ 0\hfill & \mathrm{cos}\mu \hfill & -\mathrm{sin}\mu \hfill \\ 0\hfill & \frac{\mathrm{sin}\mu }{\mathrm{cos}\gamma }\hfill & \frac{\mathrm{cos}\mu }{\mathrm{cos}\gamma }\hfill \end{array}\right]DM{C}_{wb}\left[\begin{array}{c}{p}_{b}-\stackrel{˙}{\beta }\mathrm{sin}\alpha \\ {q}_{b}-\stackrel{˙}{\alpha }\\ {r}_{b}+\stackrel{˙}{\beta }\mathrm{cos}\alpha \end{array}\right]$

## Dialog Box

Units

Specifies the input and output units:

Units

Forces

Moment

Acceleration

Velocity

Position

Mass

Inertia

Metric (MKS)

Newton

Newton meter

Meters per second squared

Meters per second

Meters

Kilogram

Kilogram meter squared

English (Velocity in ft/s)

Pound

Foot pound

Feet per second squared

Feet per second

Feet

Slug

Slug foot squared

English (Velocity in kts)

Pound

Foot pound

Feet per second squared

Knots

Feet

Slug

Slug foot squared

Mass Type

Select the type of mass to use:

 Fixed Mass is constant throughout the simulation. Simple Variable Mass and inertia vary linearly as a function of mass rate. Custom Variable Mass and inertia variations are customizable.

The Custom Variable selection conforms to the previously described equations of motion.

Representation

Select the representation to use:

 Wind Angles Use wind angles within equations of motion. Quaternion Use quaternions within equations of motion.

The Wind Angles selection conforms to the previously described equations of motion.

Initial position in inertial axes

The three-element vector for the initial location of the body in the flat Earth reference frame.

Initial airspeed, sideslip angle, and angle of attack

The three-element vector containing the initial airspeed, initial sideslip angle and initial angle of attack.

Initial wind orientation

The three-element vector containing the initial wind angles [bank, flight path, and heading], in radians.

Initial body rotation rates

The three-element vector for the initial body-fixed angular rates, in radians per second.

Include mass flow relative velocity

Select this check box to add a mass flow relative velocity port. This is the relative velocity at which the mass is accreted or ablated.

## Inputs and Outputs

InputDimension TypeDescription

First

VectorContains the three applied forces in wind-fixed axes.

Second

VectorContains the three applied moments in body-fixed axes (+/-).

Third (Optional)

VectorContains one or more rates of change of mass (positive if accreted, negative if ablated).

Fourth

ScalarContains the mass.

Fifth

3-by-3 matrix Applies to the rate of change of inertia tensor matrix in body-fixed axes.

Sixth

3-by-3 matrixApplies to the inertia tensor matrix in body-fixed axes.

Seventh (Optional)

1-by-1-by-m arrayContains one or more relative velocities at which the mass is accreted to or ablated from the body in wind axes. m is three times the size of the third input vector.

OutputDimension TypeDescription

First

Three-element vectorContains the velocity in the flat Earth reference frame.

Second

Three-element vector Contains the position in the flat Earth reference frame.

Third

Three-element vector Contains the wind rotation angles [bank, flight path, heading], in radians.

Fourth

3-by-3 matrix Applies to the coordinate transformation from flat Earth axes to wind-fixed axes.

Fifth

Three-element vectorContains the velocity in the wind-fixed frame.

Sixth

Two-element vectorContains the angle of attack and sideslip angle, in radians.

Seventh

Two-element vectorContains the rate of change of angle of attack and rate of change of sideslip angle, in radians per second.

Eighth

Three-element vector Contains the angular rates in body-fixed axes, in radians per second.

Ninth

Three-element vector Contains the angular accelerations in body-fixed axes, in radians per second squared.

Tenth

Three-element vector Contains the accelerations in body-fixed axes.

## Assumptions and Limitations

The block assumes that the applied forces are acting at the center of gravity of the body.

## References

Mangiacasale, L., Flight Mechanics of a μ-Airplane with a MATLAB Simulink Helper, Edizioni Libreria CLUP, Milan, 1998.

Stevens, B. L., and F. L. Lewis, Aircraft Control and Simulation, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1992.