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array2timetable

Convert homogeneous array to timetable

Description

example

TT = array2timetable(X,'RowTimes',rowTimes) converts X and rowTimes to a timetable. X is an M-by-N array and rowTimes is an M-by-1 vector of datetime or duration values. Each column of X becomes a variable of TT. The time values in rowTimes label the rows of the timetable. TT is an M-by-N timetable.

For more information on creating and using timetables, see Timetables.

example

TT = array2timetable(X,'SampleRate',Fs) uses the sample rate Fs to calculate regularly spaced row times. Fs is a positive numeric scalar that specifies the number of samples per second (Hz). The first row time is zero seconds.

example

TT = array2timetable(X,'TimeStep',dt) uses the time step dt to calculate regularly spaced row times. dt is a duration or calendar duration value that specifies the length of time between consecutive row times. The first row time is zero seconds.

example

TT = array2timetable(___,'StartTime',t0) specifies start time t0, instead of zero seconds, as the first row time. You can use this syntax when you create a regular timetable using either the 'SampleRate' or 'TimeStep' name-value pair arguments from either of the previous two syntaxes.

example

T = array2timetable(X,Name,Value) creates a timetable from an array, X, with additional options specified by one or more Name,Value pair arguments.

For example, you can specify variable names to include in the timetable.

Examples

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Convert an array to a timetable. Add a vector of durations as the row times.

X = rand(5,3);
Time = seconds(1:5);
TT = array2timetable(X,'RowTimes',Time)
TT=5×3 timetable
    Time       X1         X2         X3   
    _____    _______    _______    _______

    1 sec    0.81472    0.09754    0.15761
    2 sec    0.90579     0.2785    0.97059
    3 sec    0.12699    0.54688    0.95717
    4 sec    0.91338    0.95751    0.48538
    5 sec    0.63236    0.96489    0.80028

Return the size of the timetable. TT contains five rows and three variables. The set of row times is a table property. The row times are not contained in a table variable.

size(TT)
ans = 1×2

     5     3

Specify a sample rate of 500 Hz, and convert an array to a timetable.

X = rand(5,3);
TT = array2timetable(X,'SampleRate',500)
TT=5×3 timetable
      Time         X1         X2         X3   
    _________    _______    _______    _______

    0 sec        0.81472    0.09754    0.15761
    0.002 sec    0.90579     0.2785    0.97059
    0.004 sec    0.12699    0.54688    0.95717
    0.006 sec    0.91338    0.95751    0.48538
    0.008 sec    0.63236    0.96489    0.80028

Specify a time step of 0.5 seconds, and convert an array to a timetable.

X = rand(5,3);
TT = array2timetable(X,'TimeStep',seconds(0.5))
TT=5×3 timetable
     Time        X1         X2         X3   
    _______    _______    _______    _______

    0 sec      0.81472    0.09754    0.15761
    0.5 sec    0.90579     0.2785    0.97059
    1 sec      0.12699    0.54688    0.95717
    1.5 sec    0.91338    0.95751    0.48538
    2 sec      0.63236    0.96489    0.80028

Specify a time step of 15 seconds, and a start time of 5 minutes.

X = rand(5,3);
TT = array2timetable(X,'TimeStep',seconds(15),'StartTime',minutes(5))
TT=5×3 timetable
      Time        X1         X2         X3   
    ________    _______    _______    _______

    5 min       0.81472    0.09754    0.15761
    5.25 min    0.90579     0.2785    0.97059
    5.5 min     0.12699    0.54688    0.95717
    5.75 min    0.91338    0.95751    0.48538
    6 min       0.63236    0.96489    0.80028

Convert an array to a timetable. Specify the row times as a datetime vector. Specify names for the timetable variables.

X = randi([70 90],5,3);
Time = datetime(2016,7,1:5);
varNames = {'Temp1','Temp2','Temp3'};
TT = array2timetable(X,'RowTimes',Time,'VariableNames',varNames)
TT=5×3 timetable
       Time        Temp1    Temp2    Temp3
    ___________    _____    _____    _____

    01-Jul-2016     87       72       73  
    02-Jul-2016     89       75       90  
    03-Jul-2016     72       81       90  
    04-Jul-2016     89       90       80  
    05-Jul-2016     83       90       86  

Input Arguments

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Input matrix.

Data Types: double | single | int8 | int16 | int32 | int64 | uint8 | uint16 | uint32 | uint64 | logical | char | string | categorical | datetime | duration | calendarDuration
Complex Number Support: Yes

Times associated with rows of a timetable, specified as a datetime vector or a duration vector. Each time labels a row in the output timetable. The time values in rowTimes do not need to be unique, sorted, or regular.

Sample rate, specified as a positive numeric scalar. Fs specifies the number of samples per second (Hz).

Time step, specified as a datetime scalar or duration scalar.

Data Types: datetime | duration | calendarDuration

Start time, specified as a datetime scalar or duration scalar.

  • If t0 is a datetime value, then the row times of TT are datetime values.

  • If t0 is a duration, then the row times are durations.

If the time step dt is a calendar duration value, then t0 must be a datetime value.

Data Types: datetime | duration

Name-Value Arguments

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose Name in quotes.

Example: TT = array2timetable(X,'RowTimes',Time,'VariableNames',{'Latitude','Longitude'}) creates a timetable from input array X, with row times specified by Time, and names the corresponding timetable variables Latitude and Longitude.

Variable names for T, specified as the comma-separated pair consisting of 'VariableNames' and a cell array of character vectors or a string array, whose elements are nonempty and distinct. The number of names must equal the number of variables, size(A,2).

Variable names can have any Unicode® characters, including spaces and non-ASCII characters.

Since R2021a

Dimension names, specified as a two-element cell array of character vectors or two-element string array whose elements are nonempty and distinct.

Dimension names can have any Unicode characters, including spaces and non-ASCII characters.

Before R2021a, you can specify dimension names only by setting the DimensionNames property of the output.

Output Arguments

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Output timetable. The timetable can store metadata such as descriptions, variable units, variable names, and row times. For more information, see the Properties section of timetable.

Tips

  • In certain cases, you can call array2timetable with a syntax that specifies a regular time step between row times, and yet array2timetable returns an irregular timetable. This result occurs when you specify the time step using a calendar unit of time and there is a row time that introduces an irregular step. For example, if you create a timetable with a time step of one calendar month, starting on January 31, 2019, then it is irregular with respect to months.

    stime = datetime(2019,1,31);
    tstep = calmonths(1);
    X = [1:3]';
    TT = array2timetable(X,'TimeStep',tstep,'StartTime',stime)
    
    TT =
    
      3×1 timetable
    
           Time        X
        ___________    _
    
        31-Jan-2019    1
        28-Feb-2019    2
        31-Mar-2019    3
    

    There are other cases where irregularities are due to shifts from Daylight Saving Time (DST) or to datetime values that are leap seconds. This table specifies the dates, times, and time steps that can produce irregular results unexpectedly.

    Row Time Value

    Time Step

    Start time specified as the 29th, 30th, or 31st day of the month.

    Number of calendar months or quarters.

    Start time specified as February 29.

    Number of calendar years.

    Any datetime value occurring between 1:00 a.m. and 2:00 a.m. on a day shifting from DST to standard time (when such values have a time zone that observes DST).Number of calendar days or months.

    Any datetime value that is a leap second (when the time zone for such values is the UTCLeapSeconds time zone). For the list of leap seconds, see leapseconds.

    Time step specified in any calendar unit (days, weeks, months, quarters, or years).

Extended Capabilities

Thread-Based Environment
Run code in the background using MATLAB® backgroundPool or accelerate code with Parallel Computing Toolbox™ ThreadPool.

Version History

Introduced in R2016b

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