# Documentation

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## fminunc Unconstrained Minimization

Consider the problem of finding a set of values [x1, x2] that solves

 $\underset{x}{\mathrm{min}}f\left(x\right)={e}^{{x}_{1}}\left(4{x}_{1}^{2}+2{x}_{2}^{2}+4{x}_{1}{x}_{2}+2{x}_{2}+1\right).$ (6-15)

To solve this two-dimensional problem, write a file that returns the function value. Then, invoke the unconstrained minimization routine `fminunc`.

### Step 1: Write a file objfun.m.

This code ships with the toolbox. To view, enter `type objfun`:

```function f = objfun(x) f = exp(x(1)) * (4*x(1)^2 + 2*x(2)^2 + 4*x(1)*x(2) + 2*x(2) + 1);```

### Step 2: Set options.

Set options to use the `'quasi-newton'` algorithm. Set options because the `'trust-region'` algorithm requires that the objective function include a gradient. If you do not set the options, then, depending on your MATLAB® version, `fminunc` can issue a warning.

`options = optimoptions(@fminunc,'Algorithm','quasi-newton');`

### Step 3: Invoke fminunc using the options.

```x0 = [-1,1]; % Starting guess [x,fval,exitflag,output] = fminunc(@objfun,x0,options);```

This produces the following output:

```Local minimum found. Optimization completed because the size of the gradient is less than the default value of the optimality tolerance.```

View the results, including the first-order optimality measure in the `output` structure.

```x,fval,exitflag,output.firstorderopt x = 0.5000 -1.0000 fval = 3.6609e-16 exitflag = 1 ans = 7.3704e-08```

The `exitflag` tells whether the algorithm converged. `exitflag = 1` means a local minimum was found. The meanings of exitflags are given in function reference pages.

The `output` structure gives more details about the optimization. For `fminunc`, it includes the number of iterations in `iterations`, the number of function evaluations in `funcCount`, the final step-size in `stepsize`, a measure of first-order optimality (which in this unconstrained case is the infinity norm of the gradient at the solution) in `firstorderopt`, the type of algorithm used in `algorithm`, and the exit message (the reason the algorithm stopped).