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| R2011b Documentation → MATLAB | |
Learn more about MATLAB |
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| Contents | Index |
• Desktop Tools and Development Environment
• Using Object-Oriented Design in MATLAB
• Class Definition-Syntax Reference
• Defining and Organizing Classes
• Value or Handle Class - Which to Use
• Properties - Storing Class Data
• Methods - Defining Class Operations
• Events - Sending and Responding to Messages
What You Can Do With Events and Listeners
Defining Listener Callback Functions
Example Property Event and Listener Classes
Aborting Set When Value Does Not Change
Access Fully Commented Example Code
Techniques Demonstrated in This Example
Methods Inherited from Handle Class
Using the fcneval and fcnview Classes
Implementing the UpdateGraph Event and Listener
Implementation and Interface Inheritance
Referencing Superclasses from Subclasses
Constructor Arguments and Object Initialization
Call Only Direct Superclass from Constructor
Sequence of Constructor Calls in a Class Hierarchy
Using a Subclass to Create an Alias for an Existing Class
Modifying Superclass Properties
Private Local Property Takes Precedence in Method
Defining Handle-Compatible Classes
Subclassing Handle-Compatible Classes
Methods for Handle Compatible Classes
Handle Compatible Classes and Heterogeneous Arrays
Behavior of Built-In Functions with Subclass Objects
Example - A Class to Manage uint8 Data
Example - Adding Properties to a Built-In Subclass
Example - A Class to Represent Hardware
The Default Save and Load Process
Defining Methods in Enumeration Classes
Defining Properties in Enumeration Classes
Restrictions Applied to Enumeration Classes
Techniques for Defining Enumerations
Why Derive Enumeration Class from Built-In Classes
Superclass Constructor Returns Underlying Value
Selecting Handle- or Value-Based Enumerations
Value-Based Enumeration Classes
Handle-Based Enumeration Classes
Example - Using Enumerations to Represent a State
Built-In and Value-Based Enumeration Classes
• Information from Class Metadata
• Specializing Object Behavior
Which Methods Control Which Behaviors
Overloading and Overriding Functions and Methods
When to Overload MATLAB Functions
• Implementing a Class for Polynomials
Adding a Polynomial Object to the MATLAB Language
Summary of the DocPolynom Class
The DocPolynom Constructor Method
Removing Irrelevant Coefficients
Converting DocPolynom Objects to Other Types
• Graphics
Plotting Tools Interface Overview
Accessing Object Properties with the Property Inspector
Identifying Workspace Data to Plot
Data Sources for Multiobject Graphs
Using Functions to Edit Graphs
Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Plot Objects
Undo/Redo - Eliminating Mistakes
Saving to a Different Format - Exporting Figures
Generating a MATLAB File to Recreate a Graph
Customizing Data Exploration Tools
Display Style - Datatip or Cursor Window
Selection Style - Select Data Points or Interpolate Points on Graph
Exporting Data Value to Workspace Variable
Rotation Style for Complex Graphs
Undo/Redo - Eliminating Mistakes
Enclosing Regions of a Graph in a Rectangle or an Ellipse
Pinning - Attaching to a Point in the Graph
Example - Vertical Distribute, Horizontal Align
Snap to Grid - Aligning Objects on a Grid
Using the Title Option on the Insert Menu
Using the Property Editor to Add a Title
Using the Label Options on the Insert Menu
Using the Property Editor to Add Axis Labels
Creating Text Annotations with the text or gtext Function
Mathematical Symbols, Greek Letters, and TeX Characters
Using Character and Numeric Variables in Text
Example - Using LaTeX to Format Math Equations
Editing Arrows and Line Annotations
Displaying Multiple Plots per Figure
Colors, Line Styles, and Markers
Specifying the Color and Size of Lines
Adding Plots to an Existing Graph
Line Styles for Black and White Output
Combining Linear and Logarithmic Axes
Example - Specifying Ticks and Tick Labels
Coloring 2-D Bars According to Height
Coloring 3-D Bars According to Height
Stacked Bar Graphs to Show Contributing Amounts
Overlaying Other Plots on Bar Graphs
Comparing Data Sets with Area Graphs
Removing a Piece from a Pie Chart
Histograms in Cartesian Coordinates
Histograms in Polar Coordinates
Using Data Cursors with Histograms
Combining Stem Plots with Line Plots
Three-Dimensional Quiver Plots
Changing the Offset of a Contour
Displaying Contours in Polar Coordinates
Example - Visualizing an FFT as a Movie
Updating Plot Object Axis and Color Data
Functions for Reading, Writing, and Displaying Images
8-Bit and 16-Bit Intensity Images
Mathematical Operations Support for uint8 and uint16
Other 8-Bit and 16-Bit Array Support
Converting an 8-Bit RGB Image to Grayscale
Summary of Image Types and Numeric Classes
Subsetting a Graphics Image (Cropping)
Obtaining Information About Graphics Files
Controlling Aspect Ratio and Display Size
Additional Techniques for Fast Image Updating
Specifying Parameters and Options
Default Settings and How to Change Them
Exporting to the Windows or Macintosh Clipboard
Printing with a Specific Paper Size
Exporting in a Specific Graphics Format
Exporting in EPS Format with a TIFF Preview
Exporting a Figure to the Clipboard
Setting the Figure Size and Position
Setting the Paper Size or Type
Setting the Axes Ticks and Limits
Setting Line and Text Characteristics
Setting the Line and Text Color
Specifying a Colorspace for Printing and Exporting
Excluding User Interface Controls form Printed Output
Frequently Used Graphics Formats
Factors to Consider in Choosing a Format
Properties Affected by Choice of Format
Impact of Rendering Method on the Output
Description of Selected Graphics Formats
How to Specify a Format for Exporting
Factors to Consider in Choosing a Driver
How to Specify the Printer Driver to Use
Information on Specific Graphics Objects
Figures Used for Graphing Data
Root Object - The Figure Parent
Example - Creating Core Graphics Objects
High-Level Versus Low-Level Functions
Identifying Plot Objects Programmatically
Plot Objects and Backward Compatibility
Changing the Size of Data Variables
Example - Enclosing Subplots with an Annotation Rectangle
Order Dependence of Setting Property Values
Properties Common to All Objects
How MATLAB Searches for Default Values
Examples - Setting Default Line Styles
The Current Figure, Axes, and Object
Searching for Objects by Property Values - findobj
Specifying the Target for Graphics Output
Preparing Figures and Axes for Graphics
Targeting Graphics Output with newplot
Quitting the MATLAB Environment
Errors in the Close Request Function
Overriding the Close Request Function
Redefining the CloseRequestFcn
Example - Translating Grouped Objects
Properties for Controlling Legend Content
Example - Excluding a Particular Object From a Legend
Example - One Legend Entry for a Group of Objects
Example - Showing Children of Group Objects in Legend
Example - Grouping Objects to Reduce the Legend Entries
User Interface Object Callbacks
Why Use Function Handle Callbacks
Example - Using Function Handles in GUIs
General Performance Guidelines
Specify Axes with Plotting Function for Better Performance
Performance of Bit-Mapped Images
Performance of Surface Objects
Figure Properties That Affect Docking
Example - Specifying Figure Position
Specifying the Figure Colormap
Creating Axes with Specific Characteristics
Using OuterPosition as the ActivePositionProperty
ActivePositionProperty = OuterPosition
ActivePositionProperty = Position
Multiple Axes for Different Scaling
Basic 3-D Plotting: The plot3 function
Functions for Plotting Data Grids
Visualizing Functions of Two Variables
Surface Plots of Nonuniformly Sampled Data
Indexed Color Surfaces - Direct and Scaled Color Mapping
Example - Mapping Surface Curvature to Color
Move Camera Horizontally/Vertically
Move Camera Forward and Backward
Defining the Camera Path as a Stream Line
Moving In and Out on the Scene
Making the Scene Larger or Smaller
Rotation Without Resizing of Graphics Objects
Rotation About the Viewing Axis
Projection Types and Camera Location
Example - axis Command Options
Additional Commands for Setting Aspect Ratio
Default Aspect Ratio Selection
Effects of Setting Aspect Ratio Properties
Example - Displaying Cross-Sections of Surfaces
Example - Displaying Real Objects
Properties That Affect Lighting
Positioning Lights in Data Space
Example - A Transparent Isosurface
Mapping Alpha Data to the Alphamap
Example - Mapping Data to Color or Transparency
Example - Modifying the Alphamap
Behavior of the patch Function
Handling Mixed Data Specification
Coloring Edges with Shared Vertices
Interpolating in Indexed Color Versus Truecolor
Selecting Visualization Techniques
Steps to Create a Volume Visualization
Volume Visualization Functions
Example - Ways to Display MRI Data
Example - Adding Isocaps to an Isosurface
Using Scalar Techniques with Vector Data
Specifying Starting Points for Stream Plots
Accessing Subregions of Volume Data
1. Determine the Range of the Coordinates
2. Add Slice Planes for Visual Context
3. Add Contour Lines to the Slice Planes
4. Define the Starting Points for the Stream Lines
1. Select a Subset of Data to Plot
2. Calculate Curl Angular Velocity and Wind Speed
4. Define the View and Add Lighting
1. Load Data and Calculate Required Values
3. Add Contour Lines to Slice Planes
1. Specify Starting Points of the Data Range to Plot
2. Create Stream Lines to Indicate Particle Paths
4. Calculate the Stream Particle Vertices
2. Add Isocaps to the Isosurface
• Creating Graphical User Interfaces
• About the Simple GUIDE GUI Example
• Lay Out the Simple GUI in GUIDE
• Program the Simple GUIDE GUI
• Use the Completed Simple GUIDE GUI
Create the Simple Programmatic GUI Code File
• Lay Out the Simple Programmatic GUI
• Code the Simple Programmatic GUI
• Use the Completed Simple Programmatic GUI
A Working GUI with Many Components
Add Components to the GUIDE Layout Area
Define User Interface Controls
Define Panels and Button Groups
• Designing for Cross-Platform Compatibility
• Default Callback Properties in GUIDE
• Customizing Callbacks in GUIDE
• Add Code for Components in Callbacks
• Making Multiple GUIs Work Together
Example - Manipulating a Modal Dialog Box for User Input
Example - Individual GUIDE GUIs Cooperating as Icon Manipulation Tools
• GUI for Animating a 3-D View (GUIDE)
About the 3-D Animation Example
View and Run the 3-D Globe GUI
• GUI to Interactively Explore Data in a Table (GUIDE)
• List Box Directory Reader (GUIDE)
• Access Workspace Variables from a List Box (GUIDE)
• A GUI to Set Simulink Model Parameters (GUIDE)
About the Simulink Model Parameters Example
View and Run the Simulink Parameters GUI
How to Use the Simulink Parameters GUI
Program the Slider and Edit Text Components
• An Address Book Reader (GUIDE)
About the Address Book Reader Example
View and Run the Address Book Reader GUI
Run the Address Book Reader GUI
Load an Address Book Into the Reader
The Contact Phone Number Callback
Page Through Address Book - Prev/Next
• Use a Modal Dialog Box to Confirm an Operation (GUIDE)
About the Modal Dialog Example
View and Run the Modal Dialog Box GUIs
Set Up the Close Confirmation Dialog
Set Up the GUI with the Close Button
• Time Data Updates from a GUI (GUIDE)
• Create and Run a Programmatic GUI
Create Figures for Programmatic GUIs
• Add Components to a Programmatic GUI
• Compose and Code GUIs with Interactive Tools
Set Positions of Components Interactively
Set Font Characteristics Interactively
• Set Tab Order in a Programmatic GUI
• Create Menus for a Programmatic GUI
• Create Toolbars for Programmatic GUIs
• Design Programmatic GUIs for Cross-Platform Compatibility
• Initialize a Programmatic GUI
• Examples: Program GUI Components
• Share Data Among a GUI's Callbacks
• GUI with Axes, Menu, and Toolbar
About the Axes, Menu, and Toolbar Example
View and Run the AxesMenuToolbar Code
Generate the Graphing Commands and Data
• GUI that Displays and Graphs Tabular Data
View and Run the tableplot Code
Set Up and Interact with the uitable
Handle Graphics Property Browser
Why Write Custom Applications?
Exchanging Data Files Between Platforms
Overview of matimport.c Example
Declare Variables for External Data
Read External Data into mxArray Data
Creating a MAT-File in Fortran
Building on Windows Operating Systems
Deploying MAT-File Applications
Limitations to Shared Library Support
Troubleshooting Shared Library Applications
Examples of Passing Data to Shared Libraries
Manually Converting Data Passed to Functions
Constructing a libpointer Object
Creating a Pointer to a Primitive Type
Creating a Pointer to a Structure
Passing a Pointer to the First Element of an Array
Putting a String into a Void Pointer
Memory Allocation for an External Library
Working with Structures Examples
Example of Passing a MATLAB Structure
Using the Structure as an Object
Introduction to Source MEX-Files
Overview of Creating a Binary MEX-File
Using Help Files with MEX-Files
Workspace for MEX-File Functions
Selecting a Compiler on Windows Platforms
Selecting a Compiler on UNIX Platforms
Overview of Building the timestwo MEX-File
Understanding MEX-File Problems
Compiler and Platform-Specific Issues
Custom Building on UNIX Systems
Custom Building on Windows Systems
Creating a MEX-File Using LAPACK and BLAS Functions
Preserving Input Values from Modification
Passing Arguments to Fortran Functions from C/C++ Programs
Passing Arguments to Fortran Functions from Fortran Programs
Handling Complex Numbers in LAPACK and BLAS Functions
Modifying the Function Name on UNIX Systems
MEX Uses 32-Bit API by Default
How to Upgrade MEX-Files to Use the 64-Bit API
Passing Two or More Inputs or Outputs
Passing Structures and Cell Arrays
Handling 8-, 16-, and 32-Bit Data
Manipulating Multidimensional Numerical Arrays
Calling Functions from C/C++ MEX-Files
Using C++ Features in MEX-Files
Debugging on the Microsoft Windows Platforms
Building Cross-Platform Applications
Specifying Constant Literal Values
Replacing fseek and ftell with 64-Bit Functions
Determining the Size of an Open File
Determining the Size of a Closed File
Using the Fortran %val Construct
Passing Two or More Inputs or Outputs
Calling Functions from Fortran MEX-Files
Debugging on Microsoft Windows Platforms
Building Cross-Platform Applications
What You Need to Build Engine Applications
Calling MATLAB Software from a C Application
Calling MATLAB Software from a C++ Application
Calling MATLAB Software from a Fortran Application
Attaching to an Existing MATLAB Session
Building and Running Engine Applications on Windows Operating Systems
Windows Engine Example engwindemo
Building and Running Engine Applications on UNIX Operating Systems
Files Required by Engine Applications
Debugging MATLAB Functions Used in Engine Applications
Benefits of the MATLAB Java Interface
Who Should Use the MATLAB Java Interface
To Learn More About Java Programming Language
Platform Support for JVM Software
Using a Different Version of JVM Software
Making Java Classes Available in MATLAB Workspace
Loading Java Class Definitions
Locating Native Method Libraries
Java Classes Contained in a JAR File
Saving and Loading Java Objects to MAT-Files
Finding the Public Data Fields of an Object
Accessing Private and Public Data
Determining the Class of an Object
Invoking Static Methods on Java Classes
Obtaining Information About Methods
Java Methods That Affect MATLAB Commands
How MATLAB Software Handles Undefined Methods
How MATLAB Software Handles Java Exceptions
Method Execution in MATLAB Software
How MATLAB Software Represents the Java Array
Creating an Array of Objects in MATLAB Software
Accessing Elements of a Java Array
Creating a New Array Reference
Creating a Copy of a Java Array
Conversion of MATLAB Argument Data
Passing Data to Overloaded Methods
Conversion of Java Return Types
Converting Objects to MATLAB Types
Description of Function phonebook
Description of Function pb_lookup
Description of Function pb_add
Description of Function pb_remove
Description of Function pb_change
Description of Function pb_listall
Description of Function pb_display
Description of Function pb_keyfilter
Benefits of the MATLAB .NET Interface
Why Use the MATLAB .NET Interface?
What's the Difference Between the MATLAB .NET Interface and MATLAB Builder NE?
Using a .NET assembly in MATLAB
To Learn More About the .NET Framework
Loading .NET Assemblies into MATLAB
What Classes Are in a .NET Assembly?
Using the delete Function on a .NET Object
How MATLAB Maps C# Property and Field Access Modifiers
Call .NET Methods with Optional Arguments
Calling .NET Extension Methods
Call .NET Properties That Take an Argument
How MATLAB Represents .NET Operators
Limitations to Support of .NET Methods
Limitations to Support of .NET Events
Handling Data Returned from a .NET Object
Accessing .NET Array Elements in MATLAB
Converting .NET Arrays to Cell Arrays
Limitations to Support of .NET Arrays
Call a .NET Delegate in MATLAB
Create a Delegate from a .NET Object Method
Create a Delegate Instance Bound to a .NET Method
Use .NET Delegates With the out and ref Type Arguments
Combine and Remove .NET Delegates
Calling a .NET Method Asynchronously
Limitations to Support of .NET Delegates
Iterate Through a .NET Enumeration
Use .NET Enumerations to Test for Conditions
Example - Read Special System Folder Path
Use Bit Flags with .NET Enumerations
Limitations to Support of .NET Enumerations
Work with Microsoft Word Documents Using .NET
Accessing Items in a .NET Collection
Convert a .NET Collection to a MATLAB Array
Display .NET Generic Methods Using Reflection
Create .NET Object From Constructor
View Information About .NET Object
Introduction to .NET Data Types
Use .NET Numeric Types in MATLAB
Do Not Use ClassName.PropertyName Syntax for Static Properties
Call .NET Methods That Use the out Keyword
Call .NET Methods That Use the ref Keyword
Call .NET Methods That Use the params Keyword
Create a Cell Array for Each System.Object
Create MATLAB Variables from the .NET Data
Call MATLAB Functions with MATLAB Variables
The MATLAB COM Automation Server
Registering Controls and Servers
Overview of MATLAB COM Client Examples
Example - Using Internet Explorer Program in a MATLAB Figure
Example - Grid ActiveX Control in a Figure
Example - Reading Excel Spreadsheet Data
MATLAB Client and In-Process Server
MATLAB Client and Out-of-Process Server
COM Implementations Supported by MATLAB Software
Client Application and MATLAB Automation Server
Client Application and MATLAB Engine Server
Identifying Objects and Interfaces
Setting the Value of a Property
Using Enumerated Values for Properties
Properties That Take Arguments
Exceptions to Using Implicit Syntax
Specifying Enumerated Parameters
Returning Multiple Output Arguments
Argument Callouts in Error Messages
Functions for Working with Events
Responding to Events - an Overview
Responding to Events - Examples
Writing Event Handlers as MATLAB File Subfunctions
Releasing COM Interfaces and Objects
Handling Data from a COM Object
Passing MATLAB Data to ActiveX Objects
Passing MATLAB SAFEARRAY to COM Object
Reading SAFEARRAY from a COM Object in MATLAB Applications
Displaying MATLAB Syntax for COM Objects
Using a MATLAB Application as an Automation Client
Connecting to an Existing Excel Application
Running a Macro in an Excel Server Application
Using Microsoft Forms 2.0 Controls
Using MATLAB Application as a DCOM Client
MATLAB COM Support Limitations
Connecting to an Existing MATLAB Server
Executing Commands in the MATLAB Server
Exchanging Data with the Server
Terminating the Server Process
Specifying a Shared or Dedicated Server
Using MATLAB Application as a DCOM Server
Example - Viewing Methods from a Visual Basic .NET Client
Example - Calling MATLAB Software from a Web Application
Example - Calling MATLAB Software from a C# Client
What You Need to Use Web Services with MATLAB
Typical Applications Using Web Services with MATLAB
How MATLAB Accesses Web Services
Example - createClassFromWsdl Function
Tools for Creating Web Services
Supported Serial Port Interface Standards
Using the Examples with Your Device
The Serial Port Interface Standard
Connecting Two Devices with a Serial Cable
Serial Port Signals and Pin Assignments
Finding Serial Port Information for Your Platform
Using Virtual USB Serial Ports
Configuring and Returning Properties
Configuring Properties During Object Creation
The Serial Port Object Display
Creating an Array of Serial Port Objects
Example - Introduction to Writing and Reading Data
Controlling Access to the MATLAB Command Line
Example - Writing and Reading Text Data
Example - Parsing Input Data Using textscan
Example - Introduction to Events and Callbacks
Event Types and Callback Properties
Responding To Event Information
Creating and Executing Callback Functions
Enabling Callback Functions After They Error
Example - Using Events and Callbacks
Signaling the Presence of Connected Devices
Controlling the Flow of Data: Handshaking
Example: Introduction to Recording Information
Creating Multiple Record Files
Example: Recording Information to Disk
Using Serial Port Objects on Different Platforms
• Examples
| On this page… |
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Establishing an object precedence enables the MATLAB runtime to determine which of possibly many versions of an operator or function to call in a given situation.
For example, consider the expression
objectA + objectB
Ordinarily, objects have equal precedence and the method associated with the left-most object is called. However, there are two exceptions:
User-defined classes have precedence over MATLAB built-in classes.
User-defined classes can specify their relative precedence with respect to other user-defined classes using the InferiorClasses attribute.
In Example — A Polynomial Class, the polynom class defines a plus method that enables the addition of DocPolynom objects. Given the object p:
p = DocPolynom([1 0 -2 -5])
p =
x^3-2*x-5
the expression:
1 + p
ans =
x^3-2*x-4
calls the DocPolynom plus method (which converts the double, 1, to a DocPolynom object and then implements the addition of two polynomials). The user-defined DocPolynom class has precedence over the built–in double class.
You can specify the relative precedence of user-defined classes by listing inferior classes using a class attribute. The InferiorClasses property places a class below other classes in the precedence hierarchy. Define the InferiorClasses property in the classdef statement:
classdef (InferiorClasses = {?class1,?class2}) myClass
This attribute establishes a relative priority of the class being defined with the order of the classes listed.
If objectA is above objectB in the precedence hierarchy, then the expression
objectA + objectB
calls @classA/plus.m. Conversely, if objectB is above objectA in the precedence hierarchy, then the MATLAB runtime calls @classB/plus.m.
See Rules for Naming to Avoid Conflicts for related information.
 | Overloading Functions for Your Class | Class Methods for Graphics Callbacks |  |
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