polybool - Set operations on polygonal regions

Syntax

Description

[x,y] = polybool(flag,x1,y1,x2,y2) performs the polygon set operation identified by flag. A valid flag string is any one of the following alternatives:

• Region intersection: 'intersection', 'and', '&'

• Region union: 'union', 'or', '|', '+', 'plus'

• Region subtraction: 'subtraction', 'minus', '-'

• Region exclusive or: 'exclusiveor' , 'xor'

Polygons processed via polybool are assumed to be in a Cartesian coordinate system. The polygon inputs are NaN-delimited vectors, or cell arrays containing individual polygonal contours. The result is output using the same format as the input. Geographic data that encompasses a pole cannot be used directly. Use flatearthpoly to convert polygons that contain a pole to Cartesian coordinates.

Most Mapping Toolbox functions adhere to the convention that individual contours with clockwise-ordered vertices are external contours and individual contours with counterclockwise-ordered vertices are internal contours. Although the polybool function ignores vertex order, you should follow the convention when creating contours to ensure consistency with other functions.

Examples

Example 1

Set operations on two overlapping circular regions:

theta = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
x1 = cos(theta) - 0.5;
y1 = -sin(theta);    % -sin(theta) to make a clockwise contour
x2 = x1 + 1;
y2 = y1;
[xa, ya] = polybool('union', x1, y1, x2, y2);
[xb, yb] = polybool('intersection', x1, y1, x2, y2);
[xc, yc] = polybool('xor', x1, y1, x2, y2);
[xd, yd] = polybool('subtraction', x1, y1, x2, y2);

subplot(2, 2, 1)
patch(xa, ya, 1, 'FaceColor', 'r')
axis equal, axis off, hold on
plot(x1, y1, x2, y2, 'Color', 'k')
title('Union')

subplot(2, 2, 2)
patch(xb, yb, 1, 'FaceColor', 'r')
axis equal, axis off, hold on
plot(x1, y1, x2, y2, 'Color', 'k')
title('Intersection')

subplot(2, 2, 3)
% The output of the exclusive-or operation consists of disjoint
% regions.  It can be plotted as a single patch object using the
% face-vertex form.  Use poly2fv to convert a polygonal region
% to face-vertex form.
[f, v] = poly2fv(xc, yc);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, hold on
plot(x1, y1, x2, y2, 'Color', 'k')
title('Exclusive Or')

subplot(2, 2, 4)
patch(xd, yd, 1, 'FaceColor', 'r')
axis equal, axis off, hold on
plot(x1, y1, x2, y2, 'Color', 'k')
title('Subtraction')

Example 2

Set operations on regions with holes

Ax = {[1 1 6 6 1], [2 5 5 2 2], [2 5 5 2 2]};
Ay = {[1 6 6 1 1], [2 2 3 3 2], [4 4 5 5 4]};
subplot(2, 3, 1)
[f, v] = poly2fv(Ax, Ay);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, axis([0 7 0 7]), hold on
for k = 1:numel(Ax), plot(Ax{k}, Ay{k}, 'Color', 'k'), end
title('A')

Bx = {[0 0 7 7 0], [1 3 3 1 1], [4 6 6 4 4]};
By = {[0 7 7 0 0], [1 1 6 6 1], [1 1 6 6 1]};
subplot(2, 3, 4);
[f, v] = poly2fv(Bx, By);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, axis([0 7 0 7]), hold on
for k = 1:numel(Bx), plot(Bx{k}, By{k}, 'Color', 'k'), end
title('B')

subplot(2, 3, 2)
[Cx, Cy] = polybool('union', Ax, Ay, Bx, By);
[f, v] = poly2fv(Cx, Cy);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, axis([0 7 0 7]), hold on
for k = 1:numel(Cx), plot(Cx{k}, Cy{k}, 'Color', 'k'), end
title('A \cup B')

subplot(2, 3, 3)
[Dx, Dy] = polybool('intersection', Ax, Ay, Bx, By);
[f, v] = poly2fv(Dx, Dy);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, axis([0 7 0 7]), hold on
for k = 1:numel(Dx), plot(Dx{k}, Dy{k}, 'Color', 'k'), end
title('A \cap B')

subplot(2, 3, 5)
[Ex, Ey] = polybool('subtraction', Ax, Ay, Bx, By);
[f, v] = poly2fv(Ex, Ey);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, axis([0 7 0 7]), hold on
for k = 1:numel(Ex), plot(Ex{k}, Ey{k}, 'Color', 'k'), end
title('A - B')

subplot(2, 3, 6)
[Fx, Fy] = polybool('xor', Ax, Ay, Bx, By);
[f, v] = poly2fv(Fx, Fy);
patch('Faces', f, 'Vertices', v, 'FaceColor', 'r', ...
  'EdgeColor', 'none')
axis equal, axis off, axis([0 7 0 7]), hold on
for k = 1:numel(Fx), plot(Fx{k}, Fy{k}, 'Color', 'k'), end
title('XOR(A, B)')

See Also

bufferm | flatearthpoly | ispolycw | poly2ccw | poly2cw | poly2fv | polyjoin | polysplit

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