spectral analysis of time versus signal data using FFT

Hi, I have data for time (x) and signal (y) which i've read into an matrix:

time = squeeze(input(1,:)); signal = squeeze(input(2,:));

How can I perform a FFT on this matix data?

Answer 1

[Wayne King]

It looks like from your squeeze() commands that time and signal are both just row vectors: 1xN

Do you really have a matrix here?

If signal is just a row vector (or column), then just

signalDFT = fft(signal);

gives you the discrete Fourier transform.

If you use fft() on a matrix, it will naturally take the DFT of each column. You don't want to take the Fourier transform of the time vector, that is not going to give you anything useful.

If you really want a time-frequency analysis (spectral information with some time localization), then use spectrogram on the signal vector.

[2one]

Thanks, yes you're right.

input(:,:) = fscanf(fid1, '%g %g',[2 inf]);

The initial signal had a sampling freq of 2 Hz and a time from 0 to 200 s.

to calculate the power spectral density i did:

N=401;

Fs = 2.0:

Y = fft(signal, N)

Pyy = Y*conj(Y)/N

f = Fs/N*(0:(N/2)-1);

plot(f, Pyy);

Is this correct?

Answer 2

[Wayne King]

You don't need to specify N as an input to fft()

Fs = 2;
Y = fft(signal);
Pyy = abs(Y).^2/length(signal);

For the odd length input, make your frequency vector:

freq = 0:Fs/length(x):Fs/2;
Pyy = Pyy(1:round(length(signal)/2));
plot(freq,10*log10(Pyy))
xlabel('Hz'); ylabel('dB/Hz');

Do you have the Signal Processing Toolbox? If so you can just do:

 [Pxx,F] = periodogram(signal,[],length(signal),2);
 plot(F,10*log10(Pxx))

Answer 3

[Muhammad Zeeshan Ahmed Khan]

TRY THESE OPTIONS

rng('default')
fs = 256;                                % sample frequency (Hz)
t = 0:1/fs:10-1/fs;                      % 10 second span time vector

x = Q1data;
y = fft(x);

n = length(x);          % number of samples
f = (0:n-1)*(fs/n);     % frequency range
power = abs(y).^2/n;    % power of the DFT

figure;
plot(f,power)
xlabel('Frequency')
ylabel('Power')

y0 = fftshift(y);         % shift y values
f0 = (-n/2:n/2-1)*(fs/n); % 0-centered frequency range
power0 = abs(y0).^2/n;    % 0-centered power
figure;
plot(f0,power0)
xlabel('Frequency')
ylabel('Power')


m = length(Q1data);       % original sample length
n = pow2(nextpow2(m));  % transform length
y = fft(Q1data,n);        % DFT of signal

f = (0:n-1)*(fs/n)/10;
power = abs(y).^2/n;      
figure;
plot(f(1:floor(n/2)),power(1:floor(n/2)))
xlabel('Frequency')
ylabel('Power')