Can this be written in a much better way for fast computations?

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coast=magic(14400)
di_max=100;
mx=14400;
my=14400;
for ix=1:mx
for iy=1:my
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
for dx=-di_max:di_max
for dy=-di_max:di_max
jx=ix+dx;
jy=iy+dy;
if((jx>=1) && (jx<=mx) && (jy>=1) && (jy<=my))
dd=sqrt(dx^2+dy^2);
coast(jx,jy) = min([coast(jx,jy),dd]);
end
end
end
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
end
end
  8 Comments
Joel Handy
Joel Handy on 7 Aug 2019
Edited: Joel Handy on 7 Aug 2019
@Guillaume. I see it now. Good catch.
For anyone missing it like me, the original code sweeps through every "pixel" and assigns the surrounding pixels a distance from that pixel. Since the pixel itself is being included, the minimum distance of a pixel from a neighboring pixel is always zero.
@ropesh, I kind of figured this is where this was going.
There are some bugs in this code. iscoast is only set if coast(ix,iy) == 0. That means if coast(ix,iy) ~=0 0, iscoast is in a leftover state from the last iteration of the two outer loops.
I also suspect this code is going to overwrite individual pixels more than once making results inconsistent.
Is "water"? is it the same size as coast?
Maybe if you can give us the bigger picture we can make some better suggestions. If I were to venture a guess, you have an image of some sort and you know what percentage of each pixel is water. You want to look at each pixel which is mostly water, and assign a distance from the pixel to all surrounding pixels that are not water.
ropesh goyal
ropesh goyal on 7 Aug 2019
Edited: ropesh goyal on 7 Aug 2019
Well thank you for your help.
This is a sub part (coastline treatment) of a very big code (removing absolute error from a DEM). It is not dependent on any other thing other than a matrix 'water' of same size (14400,14400). The values of water varies from 0-150. So, I don't think the resultant will be all 0. In fact, on running like this, all the values are not zero. The thing is it is very time consuming, and I have to repeat the same on almost 60 tiles.

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Accepted Answer

Joel Handy
Joel Handy on 7 Aug 2019
Edited: Joel Handy on 7 Aug 2019
The code below will do what you are asking without needing a loop.
coast=magic(14400);
di_max=100;
mx=14400;
my=14400;
[ix dx] = meshgrid(1:mx, -di_max:di_max);
[iy dy] = meshgrid(1:my, -di_max:di_max);
jx = ix+dx;
jy = iy+dy;
dd= sqrt(dx.^2+dy.^2);
mask = ((jx(:)>=1) & (jx(:)<=mx) & (jy(:)>=1) & (jy(:)<=my));
idx = sub2ind(size(coast), jx(mask), jy(mask));
coast(idx) = min(coast(idx),dd(mask));
  3 Comments
Joel Handy
Joel Handy on 7 Aug 2019
@Guillaume. I did make a bonehead mistake like I thought I might have. Fixed now hopefully.
I dont see coast filled with zeros though and I dont see how that would hapen in the original code. Cost is initialized to non-zero values and dd is rarely zero either.
ropesh goyal
ropesh goyal on 7 Aug 2019
Thank you very much Joel and Guillaume for sparing your time to provide a solution.

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More Answers (1)

Guillaume
Guillaume on 7 Aug 2019
If Joel hypothesis that "You want to look at each pixel which is mostly water, and assign a distance from the pixel to all surrounding pixels that are not water" is true (we still haven't add a proper explanation!), then as I said in a comment, this can be achieved in just one line. This is called the distance transform and is achieved in matlab with bwdist.
If all zeros pixels in coast are to be replaced by their euclidean distance to the nearest non-zero pixel, it's simply:
dist = bwdist(coast ~= 0);
coast(coast == 0) = dist(coast == 0);
  2 Comments
ropesh goyal
ropesh goyal on 7 Aug 2019
Thank you Guillaume.
Can we do this in a window of 100x100 around each pixel? Or kindly suggest if the result will be same either way (using a window and not using the window). I think it will not be the same. Please correct if I am wrong.
Guillaume
Guillaume on 7 Aug 2019
I'm not clear why you'd want a window and I don't understand how you would want it to work with a window. bwdist will find the nearest non-zero pixel however far it is, and do this very fast
Again, as I've repeatedly asked, explain in words what you're trying to achieve. e.g.: I've got a matrix coast representing _____ and a matrix water representing ____ and I want to replace the (non-zeros?zeros?something?) values by the distance to the nearest _____. If there's no nearest _______ in a window of 100x100, then I want ______.

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