My program prompts the following error, how can I solve it

clc;

clear;

y0=[0.2 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.5 2.7 3 4];

e0=[-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1];

tspan=[0 10];

[t,y]=ode45(@shuru,tspan,y0,e0);

figure(1)

plot(t,y)

function dy=shuru(t,y,e)

dy=zeros(10,1);

dy(1)=sin(t)-y(1)+cos(t)-100*sat(t*(y(1)-y(2)))+cos(t)*(4-sin(t)*e(1))-e(1);

dy(2)=sin(2*t)-y(2)+cos(2*t)/2-100*(sat(t*(y(2)-y(3)))+sat(t*(y(2)-y(8))))+cos(2*t)*(4-sin(2*t/2)*e(2))-e(2);

dy(3)=sin(3*t)-y(3)+cos(3*t)/3-100*(sat(t*(y(3)-y(4)))+sat(t*(y(3)-y(9))))+cos(3*t)*(4-sin(3*t/3)*e(3))-e(3);

dy(4)=sin(4*t)-y(4)+cos(4*t)/4-100*(sat(t*(y(4)-y(5)))+sat(t*(y(4)-y(8))))+cos(4*t)*(4-sin(4*t/4)*e(4))-e(4);

dy(5)=sin(5*t)-y(5)+cos(5*t)/5-100*(sat(t*(y(5)-y(6)))+sat(t*(y(5)-y(7))))+cos(5*t)*(4-sin(5*t/5)*e(5))-e(5);

dy(6)=sin(6*t)-y(6)+cos(6*t)/6-100*sat(t*(y(6)-y(7)))+cos(6*t)*(4-sin(6*t/6)*e(6))-e(6);

dy(7)=sin(7*t)-y(7)+cos(7*t)/6-100*sat(t*(y(7)-y(8)))+cos(7*t)*(4-sin(7*t/7)*e(7))-e(7);

dy(8)=sin(8*t)-y(8)+cos(8*t)/6-100*sat(t*(y(8)-y(9)))+cos(8*t)*(4-sin(8*t/8)*e(8))-e(8);

dy(9)=sin(9*t)-y(9)+cos(9*t)/6-100*sat(t*(y(9)-y(10)))+cos(9*t)*(4-sin(9*t/9)*e(9))-e(9);

dy(10)=sin(10*t)-y(10)+cos(10*t)/6-100*sat(t*(y(10)-y(1)))+cos(10*t)*(4-sin(10*t/10)*e(10))-e(10);

end

function de=wucha(t,e)

de(n)=-1-cos(n*t)*(4-sin(n*t)*e(n));

end

function M=sat(x)

k=0.01;

d=abs(x/k);

if d<=1

M=x/k;

else

M=sign(x/k);

end

error shuru (line 3)

dy(1)=sin(t)-y(1)+cos(t)-100*sat(t*(y(1)-y(2)))+cos(t)*(4-sin(t)*e(1))-e(1);

error odearguments (line 90)

f0 = feval(ode,t0,y0,args{:}); % ODE15I sets args{1} to yp0.

error ode45 (line 115)

odearguments(FcnHandlesUsed, solver_name, ode, tspan, y0, options, varargin);

error DAT (line 7)

[t,y]=ode45(@shuru,tspan,y0,e0);

Answer 1

[ag]

Hi JlAxin,

The problem that you are encountering is because the "ode45" function expects the ODE function to have the signature f(t, y), where "t" is the independent variable and "y" is the dependent variable. The extra parameter "e" in the function "shuru" is not supported directly by "ode45".

The below code snippet demonstrates how to resolve this issue:

% Define an anonymous function to include the additional parameter e0
odefun = @(t, y) shuru(t, y, e0);

[t, y] = ode45(odefun, tspan, y0);

For more details, please refer to the following MathWorks documentations:

• Anonymous functions - https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/matlab_prog/anonymous-functions.html
• ode45 - https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/ref/ode45.html

Hope this helps!