Find double repetitions in a (sorted) array.
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Given an array submitted in a form of struct field, containing integer numbers. For convenience, let's assume that the numbers are already sorted in ascending order:
>> s.x
ans =
2
ans =
2
ans =
5
ans =
5
ans =
5
ans =
8
ans =
8
Find indexes of elements, which occur exact 2 times:
ind =
1 2 6 7
4 Comments
Jan
on 21 Oct 2017
Edited: Jan
on 21 Oct 2017
The iterative growing of arrays is a standard mistake from the view point of efficiency. Simply pre-allocate:
d = diff(x);
j = 0;
ind = zeros(1, numel(d));
indi = 1;
for i=1:numel(d)
if d(i)==0
j=j+1;
else
if j==1
ind(indi) = i-1;
ind(indi+1) = i;
indi = indi + 2;
end
j=0;
end
end
ind = ind(1:indi-1);
This does not catch the case, if the last two elements are equal.
Accepted Answer
Andrei Bobrov
on 20 Oct 2017
Edited: Andrei Bobrov
on 23 Oct 2017
x= [2; 2; 5; 5; 5; 8; 8; 13; 13; 13; 13];
[~,~,g] = unique(x); % OR for last versions of MATLAB: g = findgroups(x)
c = accumarray(g,1:numel(x),[],@(x){x});
out = cell2mat(c(cellfun(@numel,c) == 2));
or
[a,~,g] = unique(x);
out = find(ismember(x,a(accumarray(g,1) == 2)));
or (FIXED)
out = reshape(strfind([1,diff(x(:)')~=0,1],[1 0 1]) + [0;1],[],1);
out = reshape(bsxfun(@plus,strfind([1,diff(x(:)')~=0,1],[1 0 1]),[0;1]),[],1); % for old MATLAB
13 Comments
More Answers (4)
Rik
on 20 Oct 2017
Edited: Rik
on 20 Oct 2017
It always pays off to get rid of loops and/or pre-allocating your output.
x= [2; 2; 5; 5; 5; 8; 8; 13; 13; 13; 13];
s = struct('x', num2cell(x));
x=[s.x];
%only newer releases: 0.000778 seconds
tic
count=histcounts(x,0.5 : max(x)+0.5);
ind=find(sum(x==find(count==2)'));
toc
%should work on most releases: 0.000628 seconds
tic
count=histcounts(x,0.5 : max(x)+0.5);
count=find(count==2);
ind=find(sum(repmat(x,length(count),1)==repmat(count',1,length(x))));
toc
%your loop: 0.001100 seconds
tic
d=diff(x); j=0; ind=[];
for i=1:numel(d)
if d(i)==0
j=j+1;
else
if j==1
ind(end+1)=i-1;
ind(end+1)=i;
end
j=0;
end
end
toc
8 Comments
Rik
on 21 Oct 2017
That's because x has a different shape:
x1= [2; 2; 5; 5; 5; 8; 8; 13; 13; 13; 13];
s = struct('x', num2cell(x1));
x2=[s.x];
x1 is 11x1 and x2 is 1x11
Image Analyst
on 20 Oct 2017
You didn't tag it as homework. Is it? This will do it:
% Assignment of a struct with a field containing integer numbers
x= [2; 2; 5; 5; 5; 8; 8; 13; 13; 13; 13];
s = struct('x', num2cell(x));
numbers = [s.x]
[groupNumber, groupValue] = findgroups(numbers)
counts = histcounts(groupNumber)
ofGroupSize2 = find(counts == 2) % Find those only if they have a length of 2.
values = groupValue(ofGroupSize2)
indexes = find(ismember(numbers, values))
2 Comments
Image Analyst
on 20 Oct 2017
Edited: Image Analyst
on 21 Oct 2017
You can use regionprops() instead of findgroups() if you have an old version and have the Image Processing Toolbox. See my separate answer with demo code.
Jan
on 21 Oct 2017
Your code looks like the input is sorted. The other approaches do not have this limitation. If it is really sorted:
d = [true; diff(x) ~= 0]; % TRUE if values change
b = x(d); % Elements without repetitions
k = find([d', true]); % Indices of changes
n = diff(k);
is2 = find(n==2);
ind4 = reshape([k(is2); k(is2)+1], 1, []);
Code taken from FEX: RunLength.
0 Comments
Image Analyst
on 21 Oct 2017
Edited: Image Analyst
on 21 Oct 2017
If you have the Image Processing Toolbox, you can use regionprops():
% Assignment of a struct with a field containing integer numbers
x= [2; 2; 5; 5; 5; 8; 8; 13; 13; 13; 13];
s = struct('x', num2cell(x));
numbers = [s.x] % A labeled "image"
% Find lengths of each run of numbers plus the indexes where they occur.
props = regionprops(numbers, 'Area', 'PixelIdxList')
% Extract from structure into one vector.
allLengths = [props.Area]
% Find those only if they have a length of 2.
ofGroupSize2 = find(allLengths == 2)
% Find indexes of those runs with length 2.
indexes = [props(ofGroupSize2).PixelIdxList]
% Shape into row vector
indexes = reshape(sort(indexes(:)), 1, [])
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